How does HTML work?

Similar function to Markdown, syntax defines how stuff should be displayed

HTML is based on beginning and closing tags <tagname>content</tagname>
- Note the “/” on the ending or closing tag of the pair

Compare markdown to html below

This below example shows comparison of a heading and paragraph. Click on links to see many more HTML examples.

%%markdown

### Markdown: This is a Heading

This is a paragraph

Markdown: This is a Heading

This is a paragraph

%%html

<h3>HTML: This is a Heading</h3>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

HTML: This is a Heading

This is a paragraph.

Attributes

Learn about attributes
Tags can have additional info in the form of attributes
Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

<tagname attribute_name="attribute_value" another_attribute="another_value">inner html text</tagname>

href example with attribute for web link and inner html to describe link

<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp">Visit W3Schools HTML Page</a>

Sample Markdown vs HTML Tags

Image Tag - Markdown

![describe image](link to image)

Image Tag - HTML

<!-- no content so no end tag, width/height is optional (in pixels) -->
<img alt="describe image" src="link to image" width="100" height="200">

Link Tag - Markdown

[link text](link)

Link Tag - HTML

<a href="link">link text</a>

Bolded Text - Markdown

**Bolded Text**

Bolded Text - HTML

<strong>Bolded Text</strong>

Italic Text - Markdown

*Italic Text*

Italic Text - HTML

<i>Italic Text</i>

More tags (not really in markdown)

P tag (just represeants a paragraph/normal text)

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

Button

<button>some button text</button>

Div (groups together related content)

<!-- first information -->
<div>
    <!-- notice how tags can be put INSIDE eachother -->
    <p>This is the first paragarph of section 1</p>
    <p>This is the second paragraph of section 1</p>
</div>

<!-- second information -->
<div>
    <!-- notice how tags can be put INSIDE eachother -->
    <p>This is the first paragarph of section 2</p>
    <p>This is the second paragraph of section 2</p>
</div>

Resources

https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp
I will show a demo of how to find information on this website

HTML Hacks

Below is a wireframe for an HTML element you will create. A wireframe is a rough visual representation of HTML elements on a page and isn’t necessarily to scale or have the exact styling that the final HTML will have. Using the syntax above, try to create an HTML snippet that corresponds to the below wireframe.
The “a tags” can contain any links that you want

wireframe for html hacks

%%html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Wireframe</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <header>
            <h1>HTML Hacks</h1>
            <nav>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="https://nighthawkcoders.github.io/teacher//basics/home">Nighthawk Coders Web Dev Page</a></li>
                </ul>
            </nav>
        </header>
        
        <main>
            <section>
                <h2>HTML</h2>
                <p>This HTML hacks output is brought to you by: HTML Code! HTML is a very useful coding language for front-end development,
                making it an enticing option for many front-end development projects.</p>
            </section>
            
            <section>
                <h2>Posts</h2>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="#">Post 1</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">Post 2</a></li>
                </ul>
            </section>
        </main>
        <div>
            <a href="https://poway.instructure.com/courses/141645" id="link1">Canvas</a>
            <a href="https://apcsp-rags.github.io/group-student/" id="link2">Personal Website</a>
        </div>
        <!-- Add the status element here -->
        <p id="status"></p>
        <!-- Add the button element here -->
        <button id="switchButton">Switch Links</button>
        <script>
            // Get references to elements
            const statusParagraph = document.getElementById('status');
            const switchButton = document.getElementById('switchButton');
            const link1 = document.getElementById('link1');
            const link2 = document.getElementById('link2');
        
            // Function to switch links and update status paragraph
            switchButton.addEventListener('click', function() {
                const tempHref = link1.href;
                link1.href = link2.href;
                link2.href = tempHref;
                statusParagraph.textContent = 'Switched!';
            });
        </script>        
    </body>
</html>